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The ''Butterworth'' Squadron was a British commercial fleet of three vessels, the Butterworth, the Jackal, and the Prince Lee Boo, that sailed for the Pacific Ocean from London via Cape Horn in late 1791.〔Cole, Douglas. ''Sigismund Bacstrom's Northwest Coast Drawings and an Account of his Curious Career''. BC Studies Journal, Summer 1980〕 The principals financing the expedition were Alderman William Curtis, London ship-owner Theophilus Pritzler, and probably John Perry, a Blackwall shipbuilder. The leader of the expedition was Captain William Brown, an established whaling captain from the Greenland whale fishery. Sigismund Bacstrom, a naturalist who had previously sailed as a secretary to Sir Joseph Banks, was the surgeon for the expedition. Bacstrom produced a number of drawings during the first part of the voyage, some of which are still in existence.〔 The expedition is notable for a violent conflict with the Tla-o-qui-aht People of Vancouver Island and another reported conflict in Formosa.〔Ingraham, Joseph. ''Journal of the Brigantine HOPE on a Voyage to the Northwest Coast of America 1790–92''. Imprint Society, Inc. 1971〕〔Roe, Michael ed. ''The Journal and Letters of Captain Charles Bishop on the North-West Coast of America, in the Pacific and in New South Wales 1794–1799''. The Hakluyt Society 1967〕 Butterworth, Jackal and Prince Lee Boo are often credited with being the first European vessels to enter Honolulu Harbor.〔Stokes, John Francis Gray. ''Honolulu and some new speculative phases of Hawaiian history''. Annual Report of the Hawaiian Historical Society, 1933〕 Jackal and Prince Lee Boo are also notable for taking part in the war between Kalanikupule and his uncle Ka'eokulani on the island of Oahu,〔Kamakau, Samuel M. ''Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii.'' Kamehameha Schools Press 1992〕 for firing the shot that killed John Kendrick aboard Lady Washington,〔Boit, John (Edmond Hayes editor). ''Log of the Union, John Boit's Remarkable Voyage 1794–1796''. Oregon Historical Society 1981〕 and for participating in an aborted attack on Kamehameha by Kalanikupule. ==Butterworth== The Butterworth was a whaling ship of 392 tons with a typical crew of forty-eight men.〔Barrington, Daines and Beaufoy, Mark. ''Possibility of Approaching the North Pole Asserted''()〕 She is said to have originally been a French frigate of 30 guns, captured by the British.〔〔 Her master was Captain William Brown, "an able and expert seaman, regularly brought up in the whale fishery." Before entering the Pacific, Brown and his ship Butterworth were Greenland whalers. Brown was highly respected in his field and was consulted by a Fellow of the Royal Society concerning the possibility of approaching the North Pole.〔〔 After the expedition, Butterworth returned to England and whaling. In 1798, she was at the Marquesas Islands on another whaling cruise and brought back a missionary to England in 1799. In 1800, she was listed as departing on another cruise in southern oceans.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Butterworth Squadron」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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